TB infection linked to high blood sugar and worse outcomes in Kenyan study
A study in Kenya found that 75% of newly diagnosed TB patients without prior diabetes had elevated blood sugar, a condition that persisted through treatment and was linked to a fourfold higher risk of treatment failure. The findings suggest routine glucose monitoring should be integrated into TB care.
Bottom line — 75% of new TB patients in a Kenyan cohort had hyperglycaemia, linked to a 4.22 times higher risk of unfavourable treatment outcomes.
Go deeper (5)
- The study, published in PLOS ONE by Musyoki et al., followed 87 adults with pulmonary TB in Nairobi over five months, excluding anyone with known diabetes or prediabetes.
- At diagnosis, 45% had prediabetic and 30% had diabetic-range HbA1c levels, according to the researchers. By month five, the proportion with diabetic-range levels had fallen to 9%.
- Hyperglycaemia was independently associated with a 4.22 times higher risk of sputum positivity at months two and five, the authors report, indicating delayed clearance of the bacteria.
- The study also found that fluctuating blood sugar levels (glycaemic variability) were significantly linked to poor treatment outcomes, even in patients whose average glucose appeared controlled.
- The authors argue the findings support integrating glycaemic monitoring and management into routine TB follow-up care, particularly in high-burden settings.